A single dad nearing retirement hopes to fund daughter’s education

Article content

John* is a single father of a young daughter and is thinking about how he can support her through post-secondary education while retiring or at least shifting to part-time consulting work in five or six years and then start to travel three to four months each year.

The 55-year-old is a health-care professional and earns about $210,000 annually before tax. He joined his current employer about four years ago after a public-sector career. Since January, in addition to his current employment income, John has been receiving a pension of $65,000 a year indexed to inflation from his former employer. If he retires as planned, he will be eligible to access his current employer’s pension plan, also indexed to inflation, which would add another $2,000 to $2,500 per month.

Article content

John has been divorced for about two years and this year, thanks to the additional pension income, he should be able to eliminate the debt he incurred when the marriage ended, including a $20,000 line of credit and $23,000 in credit-card expenses.

His biggest expense is the $700,000 mortgage at 2.1 per cent he took out to buy his ex-wife’s equity stake in the family home, which is valued at $1.35 million. His current monthly expenses are $6,965, including $1,300 in biweekly mortgage payments.

“If my daughter goes to university, I can downsize or tap into the equity in my home to help her and to fund travel and other aspects of my life as they develop,” he said.

John lives in Vancouver, a city he loves and wants to maintain a foothold in, even if he does sell his current home.

“I took out a 30-year mortgage to keep my monthly payments low to understand how expensive it is to live on my own,” he said. “This year, I’m focused on erasing the residual debt of my divorce and then saving. What short-term investments can I make in the next five to six years that will carry me through that low-cash-flow period between the ages of 60 and 65?”

Article content

Article content

John currently has a modest investment portfolio that includes $15,000 in mutual funds in a tax-free savings account (TFSA), $5,000 in a non-registered account (also invested in mutual funds) and $5,000 in cash for emergencies.

He wonders if he should invest in a registered education savings plan (RESP) for his daughter and whether he should apply for Canada Pension Plan and Old Age Security benefits at age 65.

“With two indexed pensions, can I delay in order to maximize benefits? Is there anything else I should consider moving forward?” he asked. “I have a bit of time to be in a very comfortable place in five years.”

What the expert says

Ed Rempel, a fee-for-service financial planner, tax accountant and blogger, believes John will need about $120,000 a year in income to retire with his current lifestyle plus future travel expenses, which he estimates at $20,000.

“Right now, John is on track to retire on $105,000 a year in five years, which would allow for an extra $10,000 a year for travel,” he said. “To increase his annual income in retirement to $120,000 will require $500,000 in investments in addition to his two generous pensions and CPP and OAS.”

Article content

To get there, Rempel said John will need to invest about $7,000 a month.

“This is a huge amount, but with his high income and the employer pension he’s already collecting, he should have just over $7,000 a month after expenses available cash flow to invest,” he said. “However, if John can tolerate the risk of a high-equity portfolio, he would only need to invest about $4,500 a month for the next five years.”

Building up a $500,000 investment portfolio in five years would easily allow John to withdraw $15,000 to $20,000 a year extra from age 60 to 65 to support a more comfortable retirement.

In either case, and as a general piece of advice, Rempel recommends “never getting used to a lifestyle you cannot sustain.” In John’s case, he said it would be a mistake to get used to spending his extra cash flow instead of investing for the next five years because it means he will have to spend less on his lifestyle in retirement.

“With $75,000 in TFSA contribution room, maximizing his TFSA is the best place for John to start to avoid tax on these investments. After that, he should just invest in non-registered investments,” he said. “He is in a high tax bracket, so investing tax efficiently will be important for non-registered investments. Right now, his retirement income is almost entirely based on his pensions. If he does not invest significantly, he would need to start his CPP and OAS at age 60 to retire at age 60.”

Article content

If he does invest significantly now, Rempel recommends deferring CPP and OAS to age 70, which provides an implied return of 8.7 per cent per year.

“He is a moderate investor and it’s unlikely his investment returns would provide more,” he said.

John also wondered if he should tap into his home equity for travel or other expenses from age 60 to 64.

“This is a decent option that will allow him to defer CPP,” Rempel said. “If he wants to do this, he may have to increase his mortgage shortly before retiring, since it may be a challenge to qualify for an even larger mortgage after he retires.”

As for saving for his daughter’s education, Rempel said contributing $5,000 a year to an RESP until she is 17 will provide a 20 per cent ($1,000) annual government grant. This should cover her tuition for four years, but not living expenses.

“If she ends up not going to post-secondary, he can withdraw the money plus 80 per cent of the growth, but he loses the grant.”

Rempel also recommends cancelling the life insurance on himself and the whole life policy on his daughter, who is the only person financially dependent on him and who will already inherit his net worth.

Article content

“Whole life insurance is far more expensive than a comparable term policy,” he said. “The face value is likely tiny compared to any future life insurance his daughter might need when she is married with kids.”

* Name has been changed to protect privacy.

Are you worried about having enough for retirement? Do you need to adjust your portfolio? Are you wondering how to make ends meet? Drop us a line at [email protected] with your contact info and the general gist of your problem and we’ll try to find some experts to help you out while writing a Family Finance story about it (we’ll keep your name out of it, of course).

Bookmark our website and support our journalism: Don’t miss the business news you need to know — add financialpost.com to your bookmarks and sign up for our newsletters here.

Article content